The Paris-based International Organisation for Vine and Wine (OIV) estimated world wine consumption in 2023 at 221 million hectolitres (mhl), down 2.6 per cent from 2022, and 7.5 per cent below 2018.
A hectolitre is the equivalent of 133 standard wine bottles.
Geopolitical tensions, particularly the war in Ukraine, and subsequent energy crises, along with disruptions in the global supply chain, resulted in higher production and distribution costs, which, in turn, led to significant price increases for wine consumers, dampening overall demand, the OIV said on Thursday.
The fall in demand last year was particularly big in China, estimated at minus 25 per cent.
While Chinese wine consumption had risen sharply at the start of the century in line with a growing middle class, it shed more than 60 per cent over the past five years to 6.8 mhl due to COVID-19 restrictions and price pressures which tend to have a bigger effect on younger markets like China, OIE director general John Barker said.
In terms of trade, the total volume of wine exchanges dropped 6.3 per cent to 99 mhl, but only 4.7 per cent in value to 36 billion euros ($A59.2 billion) as the average price of a litre of wine hit a record high, OIV said.
OIV further lowered its estimate for last year’s wine production to 237 mhl from an initial mid-range estimate of 244 mhl released last November, now 10 per cent below the 2022 output and the lowest in more than 60 years.
The sharp decline is due to poor weather, including early frost, heavy rainfall and drought, coupled with widespread fungal diseases in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
Italy produced its lowest wine vintage since 1950 at 38.3 mhl, down more than 23 per cent on the previous year, thereby losing its loses wine-making leadership to France.
For 2024, preliminary estimates for the Southern Hemisphere pointed to a rebound in the two largest producers Australia and Argentina after a sharp drop last year but they would remain 4 per cent and 6 per cent respectively below the 2018/23 average.
A cold spring and late harvesting would lead Chile to produce less wine for a third consecutive year, down 17 per cent on average.
– AAP
